See krīgan in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "krīga",
"3": "krīa"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: krīga, krīa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: krīga, krīa; (krīgia)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "kriege"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian: kriege",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Saterland Frisian: kriege"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "krije"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian: krije",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "West Frisian: krije"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "*krīgan"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: *krīgan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: *krīgan"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "krîgen"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: krîgen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German: krîgen"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "kriegen"
},
"expansion": "German Low German: kriegen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German Low German: kriegen"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*crīgan"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: *crīgan\nMiddle Dutch: crigen\nDutch: krijgen\nAfrikaans: kry\nLimburgish: kriege",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: *crīgan\nMiddle Dutch: crigen\nDutch: krijgen\nAfrikaans: kry\nLimburgish: kriege"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "*krīgan"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: *krīgan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: *krīgan; *krīgēn"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "krīgen"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: krīgen",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "northern"
},
"expansion": "(northern)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: krīgen (northern); kriegen (?)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-cfr",
"2": "krijje"
},
"expansion": "Central Franconian: krijje",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Central Franconian: krijje"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "kriegen"
},
"expansion": "German: kriegen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: kriegen (?)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yi",
"2": "קריגן"
},
"expansion": "Yiddish: קריגן (krign)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Yiddish: קריגן (krign)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*krīganą"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *krīganą",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*gʷrih₂-gʰo-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʷrih₂-gʰo-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "gravis"
},
"expansion": "Latin gravis",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "βαρύς"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek βαρύς (barús)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "गुरु",
"tr": "gurú"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit गुरु (gurú)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *krīganą, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *gʷrih₂-gʰo-, a suffixed extended form of *gʷréh₂us (“heavy”), see also Latin gravis, Ancient Greek βαρύς (barús), Sanskrit गुरु (gurú).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-verb-st",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "krīgan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "krīgannjas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "krīgannjē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "krīgannju",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "krīgu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kraig",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krīgiʀi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krigī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krīgidi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kraig",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "krīgum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "krigum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krīgid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "krigud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "krīgand",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "krigun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "krīgē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krigī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krīgēs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krīgē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "krigī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "krīgēm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "krigīm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krīgēþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "krigīd",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "krīgēn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "krigīn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "krīg",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krīgid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "krīgandī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "krigan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "*krīgan",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gmw-infl-verb-st"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/krīgan",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sanskrit terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to strive, struggle"
],
"id": "en-krīgan-gmw-pro-verb-8NSMRC84",
"links": [
[
"strive",
"strive"
],
[
"struggle",
"struggle"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
]
}
],
"word": "krīgan"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "krīga",
"3": "krīa"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: krīga, krīa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: krīga, krīa; (krīgia)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "kriege"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian: kriege",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Saterland Frisian: kriege"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "krije"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian: krije",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "West Frisian: krije"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "*krīgan"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: *krīgan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: *krīgan"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "krîgen"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: krîgen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German: krîgen"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "kriegen"
},
"expansion": "German Low German: kriegen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German Low German: kriegen"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*crīgan"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: *crīgan\nMiddle Dutch: crigen\nDutch: krijgen\nAfrikaans: kry\nLimburgish: kriege",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: *crīgan\nMiddle Dutch: crigen\nDutch: krijgen\nAfrikaans: kry\nLimburgish: kriege"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "*krīgan"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: *krīgan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: *krīgan; *krīgēn"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "krīgen"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: krīgen",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "northern"
},
"expansion": "(northern)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: krīgen (northern); kriegen (?)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-cfr",
"2": "krijje"
},
"expansion": "Central Franconian: krijje",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Central Franconian: krijje"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "kriegen"
},
"expansion": "German: kriegen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: kriegen (?)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yi",
"2": "קריגן"
},
"expansion": "Yiddish: קריגן (krign)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Yiddish: קריגן (krign)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*krīganą"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *krīganą",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*gʷrih₂-gʰo-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʷrih₂-gʰo-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "gravis"
},
"expansion": "Latin gravis",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "βαρύς"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek βαρύς (barús)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "गुरु",
"tr": "gurú"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit गुरु (gurú)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *krīganą, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *gʷrih₂-gʰo-, a suffixed extended form of *gʷréh₂us (“heavy”), see also Latin gravis, Ancient Greek βαρύς (barús), Sanskrit गुरु (gurú).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-verb-st",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "krīgan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "krīgannjas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "krīgannjē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "krīgannju",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "krīgu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kraig",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krīgiʀi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krigī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krīgidi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kraig",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "krīgum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "krigum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krīgid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "krigud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "krīgand",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "krigun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "krīgē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krigī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krīgēs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krīgē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "krigī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "krīgēm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "krigīm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krīgēþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "krigīd",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "krīgēn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "krigīn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "krīg",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krīgid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "krīgandī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "krigan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "*krīgan",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gmw-infl-verb-st"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/krīgan",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Proto-West Germanic class 1 strong verbs",
"Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-West Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-West Germanic terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Proto-West Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-West Germanic terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Proto-West Germanic verbs",
"Sanskrit terms with non-redundant manual transliterations"
],
"glosses": [
"to strive, struggle"
],
"links": [
[
"strive",
"strive"
],
[
"struggle",
"struggle"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
]
}
],
"word": "krīgan"
}
Download raw JSONL data for krīgan meaning in Proto-West Germanic (6.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-West Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-09-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-08-20 using wiktextract (8e41825 and f99c758). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.